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Teamwork has always been the pillar of all businesses being it startups, medium or big time companies. Organisations started developing key interest into the usefulness and practicability of teamwork in the early 1920's, the most of prominent of them being the Hawthorne Experiment by Professor Elton Mayo, who was an Industrial Researcher at Harvard University in 1927.
About Professor Elton Mayo's Experiment
Mayo selected two ladies from the factory, and they in turn chose another four ladies to participate in the experiment.
The team worked in isolation, under the supervision of a friendly supervisor who established a working relationship with them. He took time to explain the changes that were to be introduced, asked for their feedback and listened to their complaints.
Mayo then varied the working conditions like working hours and number and duration of rest breaks in stages. The level of production was mechanically recorded, while the supervisor recorded the team’s behavior.
- Extracted From History of Teamwork. Read More On Elton Mayo's Experiment Here
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In the organization, a team is made up of individuals who are experts in a particular a field, (say, a team of marketers, auditors, law practitioners etc.) who come together to accomplish a stated organizational goal. For the fact that these individuals are experts in a particular field means that they know all about why the team is formed, what their task is, the procedures for accomplishing their task, how long it will take them to accomplish their stated goal, and so on.
For any organization to succeed, it must provide an enabling environment for its working to interact, as this is foundation on which successful teams can be built. Different teams perform different activities in an organization. Team members come together to assemble ideas and suggestions from one another and later decide on which line of action to take.
Importance of Teams in The Organization (According to Aaron Marquis of Chron)
Importance of Teams in The Organization (According to Aaron Marquis of Chron)
Problem Solving
Teamwork is important due to the problem-solving synergy gained from multiple minds working on a solution. When one person works on a specific company problem, that person only has her personal experience and knowledge from which to pull for solutions. Using teamwork, team members pool their collective ideas together to generate unique ideas for dealing with problems. Problems in this case are not purely negative. The problem could be developing a product for a consumer to address a need that the consumer does not know that she has.
Communication
Teamwork is the backbone of effective communication within a company. When employees work as individuals or independently on projects, they may not readily share knowledge or new information. This lack of communication increases the time it takes to complete projects, tasks or the development of solutions. Teamwork promotes conversation between employees regarding the task at hand, possibly preventing employees from working in opposite directions. For example, if one employee does not communicate that one method of addressing a problem is a dead end, and another employee is still trying to use that method, productivity is lowered.
Cohesion
Cohesion is an important byproduct of teamwork within a company. This cohesion could be the result of increased chemistry, trust or both from working on projects as a team. Cohesive employees are less likely to be confrontational toward one another and more accepting of each others' decisions. Cohesion from teamwork can greatly increase the work-flow speed of a company.
Learning
When employees work together as a team within a company, every employee learns from one another. This knowledge is not limited to the personal experiences of coworkers; employees from different departments may learn information from each other regarding the limitations and possibilities of those departments. For example, if a marketing department consistently makes demands with unrealistic deadlines to another department, the marketing department may see through teamwork why its requests are unreasonable.
In this article, I will use a soccer team to illustrate the characteristics of a successful team. But before that let's look at what some famous Entrepreneurs and business gurus think about Teamwork.
"Individual commitment to a group effort--that is what makes a team work, a company work, a society work, a civilization work." --Vince Lombardi
"Talent wins games, but teamwork and intelligence win championships." --Michael Jordan
"Teamwork is the ability to work together toward a common vision. The ability to direct individual accomplishments toward organizational objectives. It is the fuel that allows common people to attain uncommon results." --Andrew Carnegie
"Alone we can do so little, together we can do so much." --Helen Keller
"Remember, teamwork begins by building trust. And the only way to do that is to overcome our need for invulnerability." --Patrick Lencioni
"I invite everyone to choose forgiveness rather than division, teamwork over personal ambition." --Jean-Francois Cope
"None of us is as smart as all of us." --Ken Blanchard
"Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress. Working together is success." --Henry Ford
"If everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself." --Henry Ford
"The strength of the team is each individual member. The strength of each member is the team." --Phil Jackson
"Collaboration allows teachers to capture each other's fund of collective intelligence." --Mike Schmoker
"It takes two flints to make a fire." --Louisa May Alcott
"Unity is strength. . . when there is teamwork and collaboration, wonderful things can be achieved." --Mattie Stepanek
"To me, teamwork is the beauty of our sport, where you have five acting as one. You become selfless." --Mike Krzyzewski
"The best teamwork comes from men who are working independently toward one goal in unison." --James Cash Penney
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What Makes A Team A Team?
Successful teams just like "best friends", are hard to come by. It takes patience, experience, dedication and planning to form a formidable team that can stand the test of time.
Now, looking at a soccer team during a soccer match, the following can be observed:
1. Every player on the team knows his role in the team
2. Non performing players are often substituted at certain points in the game.
3. Team members celebrate together any success and also express grieve when results do not go their way.
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4. The team is very consistent in the pursuit of their goal, that is to score a goal and to ultimately win the game.
5. Spectators give maximum support and encouragement to their team towards the realization of the team's goal of wining the game.
6. One can also sense the player's commitment towards the goal in the sense that players are prepared to go beyond their comfort zone.
7. There is a couch who stands at the sideline of the park to instruct the team members on what they need to do from time to time, in order to keep them in line with the team's goal of ultimately wining the game.
As entrepreneurs and players in the business world, we must endeavor to encourage these characteristics in our workplace if we really want to excel in this very competitive business world.